Which of the following amendments addresses the issue of excessive bail?

The 8th Amendment to the United States Constitution specifically addresses the issue of excessive bail, stating that "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted." This amendment seeks to ensure that bail set by a court is reasonable and not disproportionate to the severity of the charges against the accused. It reflects a fundamental principle of justice that individuals have the right to be treated fairly and not subjected to unreasonable financial burdens before their trial.

The other amendments mentioned do not pertain to bail specifically. The 4th Amendment deals with protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, the 5th Amendment addresses rights related to due process and self-incrimination, and the 2nd Amendment pertains to the right to bear arms. Understanding the specific language and intent of the 8th Amendment helps in recognizing the constitutional protections provided to individuals within the judicial process.